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Hollywood Remaking as Retrospective Serialization

Frank Kelleter and Kathleen Loock, Freie Universität Berlin

"Remaking" is one of Hollywood cinema's most efficient methods of telling a familiar story anew. While media with short-cycled rhythms of production and reception (newspapers, television, but also early film serials) encourage the ongoing serialization of narrative material, American feature films since the consolidation of the Hollywood studio system had to employ slower and more laborious strategies of repetitive variation. This talk investigates remaking as an operation that, while being related to more explicit forms of narrative serialization in other media, generates specifically cinematic formats of continuation and organizes them in historically variable categories (such as "the remake" in the more restricted sense of a filmic iteration, but also the sequel, the prequel, the trilogy, the franchise, etc.). Compared to periodic series and serials, which produce popular culture in close interaction with committed audiences, these cinematic formats operate at a more abstract level of imagined collectivization: they structure generational and media-historic sequences (rather than rhythms of everyday life), they foster far-ranging forms of knowledge, e.g., cinephile cultures (rather than concentrated fan cultures), and they provide expansive continuity markers that can inspire large-scale practices of self-performance, e.g., at the level of national (rather than merely personal) identities. Against this backdrop, our talk investigates a serial operation that can be observed particularly well in cinematic remaking formats: the retrospective serialization of initially unconnected "versions" of one and the same story. Using the Planet of the Apes movies as a case study, the chapter investigates (1) how remaking always expands a story's possibilities of variation while integrating what has already been told and limiting its scope of action, and (2) how, in doing so, remaking contributes to cinematic and pop-cultural modes of self-historicization that might be described as second-order serial narratives.

John F. Kennedy Institute